Comercio y economía internacional

Until the end of last year the U.S. economy was performing better than most other advanced economies, and the prospects were for robust economic growth, moderate inflation and low unemployment; however, the recent policy changes driven by the new administration have generated a significant adverse shock, whose magnitude, if unaddressed, will be amplified both over time and internationally. Within this context of rising uncertainty, the risk of stagflation or worse has increased considerably.

The escalation of U.S. tariffs is weighing on the global economy, with Spain facing limited direct exposure but significant indirect risks. As protectionism deepens and uncertainty persists, exports and investment are expected to slow, thus weakening growth; however, the outlook remains relatively positive.

El futuro de la política monetaria europea dependerá del comportamiento de la inflación y el crecimiento económico, que se verían afectados si la guerra comercial con Estados Unidos sigue adelante. Asimismo, el anunciado fuerte aumento de gasto en defensa en Europa y el paquete fiscal de Alemania pueden generar inflación pero también efectos positivos en la inversión y actividad económica.