Economy
The objective of this research unit is to disseminate the analysis and knowledge of the investigations carried out in different movements of the economy, which encompasses different thematic areas: Public economy; Markets, regulation and competition; OFEI; Sector studies; Energy and environment; Health economics and policies; Macroeconomics and International Trade and Economy.
Highlighted
Artículo
Spanish non-financial corporates’ balance sheets: Asset growth and deleveraging in the euro era
Fecha:
July 2025
Since entering the euro area, Spain’s non-financial corporations have doubled their real asset base while significantly reducing leverage, particularly bank debt. This structural shift from debt-financed expansion to self-funded investment reflects broader changes in corporate behavior amid evolving economic and financial conditions.
Artículo
Household perceptions of the Spanish economy: Growth trends and social frictions
Fecha:
July 2025
Spain has recorded some of the eurozone’s strongest post-pandemic growth, with gains driven by tourism, immigration, and EU recovery funds. Yet, household perceptions remain mixed, shaped by inflation, tax pressures, and persistent inequality that undercut the broader economic narrative.
Artículo
Economic insights for a more integrated European defence industry
Fecha:
July 2025
Despite rising defence budgets across the EU, limited integration continues to constrain industrial efficiency and innovation. Coordinated production and collaborative investment could significantly enhance output without increasing overall spending.
Artículo
The ECB’s next challenge: Monetary policymaking in an age of uncertainty
Fecha:
July 2025
With inflation falling and rates now below peak, the ECB has entered a new phase of policymaking focused less on neutrality and more on agility. In an increasingly volatile global environment, credibility and adaptability, rather than pre-set trajectories, will define the path forward.