Articles
Financial education and how to improve it
Financial education is evolving rapidly in the context of digitalization and economic transformation, yet Spain still faces inequalities in the implementation and quality of financial education programs. A thorough assessment, including the use of long-term studies and monitoring systems, is essential to ensure initiatives to…
Labour scarcity and labour market policies: A comparative analysis
Autores:
Malo, Miguel Ángel
Labour shortages have become an increasingly pressing issue across various sectors and occupations since the COVID-19 pandemic, with significant economic implications. While Spain’s regional public employment services are implementing various initiatives, a more coordinated and sector-specific approach is needed to effectively tackle labour shortages and…
Europe’s automotive industry in the face of competition from the US and China
Autores:
Torres, Raymond
The European automotive sector is facing a significant decline, with production contracting sharply between 2019 and 2023, placing it behind American and Chinese counterparts. While Spain has managed to mitigate some of these challenges given its relatively stronger position in the European market, the broader…
Rewiring the European Central Bank
Autores:
Jones, Erik
On 13 March 2024, the ECB announced a new operational framework to manage its shrinking balance sheet, fundamentally altering its relationship with the banking system and financial markets. The major impact will be felt by 2026-2027 as the Eurosystem’s balance sheet decreases, requiring the ECB…
Spanish banks’ international footprint: Recent developments
Autores:
Maudos, Joaquín
Spain’s banks are becoming increasingly more international, as shown by the share of total assets commanded by their international business. This strategy of international expansion and geographical diversification has paid off, yielding the benefits associated with both processes for the consolidated groups relative to the…