Articles
Bridging the financial literacy gap: Structural, cognitive, and situational disadvantage in adolescence
Autores:
Área financiera y digitalización
In recent years, adolescent financial literacy has gained prominence as a critical skill, yet large gaps persist across academic and socioeconomic cohorts, as well as across varying degrees of exposure to financial education. These disparities reflect deeper structural and educational inequalities, emphasizing the need for…
Revolving credit in Spain: Between financial inclusion and consumer risk
Revolving credit plays a growing but still limited role in Spain’s household borrowing landscape, offering flexible financing to consumers with limited access to conventional credit. However, its complex structure and high associated costs raise concerns around transparency, education, and regulatory oversight.
Spain’s household and corporate accounts in 2024: Diverging growth paths
Autores:
Fernández, María Jesús
In 2024, Spain’s households continued to build financial strength through rising incomes, high savings, and manageable debt burdens. Meanwhile, non-financial corporations faced falling profitability and persistently weak investment, revealing a growing imbalance in the post-pandemic recovery.
Household perceptions of the Spanish economy: Growth trends and social frictions
Spain has recorded some of the eurozone’s strongest post-pandemic growth, with gains driven by tourism, immigration, and EU recovery funds. Yet, household perceptions remain mixed, shaped by inflation, tax pressures, and persistent inequality that undercut the broader economic narrative.
Economic insights for a more integrated European defence industry
Autores:
González Simón, Miguel Ángel
Despite rising defence budgets across the EU, limited integration continues to constrain industrial efficiency and innovation. Coordinated production and collaborative investment could significantly enhance output without increasing overall spending.