Artículos

European sovereign debt markets are undergoing significant structural shifts that simultaneously reduce demand and increase supply. Yet pricing stability has persisted amid geopolitical uncertainty, reflecting clearer policy signals and more predictable institutional responses.

The rapid expansion of non-bank financial institutions is reshaping the geography of
financial risk in Europe and globally. High leverage, liquidity mismatches, and growing
interconnections with traditional banks raise the probability that future episodes of stress
originate outside the regulated banking perimeter.

IPO markets remain subdued in Europe despite strong secondary-market performance and private equity dynamism. Structural fragmentation, compliance burdens, and limited liquidity windows constrain the pipeline even in the face of reforms that seek to lower execution risk and expand issuer participation.

Generative AI is reshaping labour markets primarily by reorganizing tasks within occupations rather than eliminating jobs outright, with uneven effects on wages, employment, and access to entry-level roles. These outcomes depend not only on technical capabilities, but also on human agency, institutional choices, and how education systems adapt to shifting
expertise thresholds.

Artificial intelligence promises major efficiency gains but may also reinforce industrial concentration, labor market polarization, and stock market overvaluation. The current AI-driven market boom raises questions about the growing disconnect between technological expectations and real-economy fundamentals.