Articles
Rebuilding momentum in Europe’s IPO pipeline
IPO markets remain subdued in Europe despite strong secondary-market performance and private equity dynamism. Structural fragmentation, compliance burdens, and limited liquidity windows constrain the pipeline even in the face of reforms that seek to lower execution risk and expand issuer participation.
Generative AI and the future of work and education
Autores:
Cabrales, Antonio
Generative AI is reshaping labour markets primarily by reorganizing tasks within occupations rather than eliminating jobs outright, with uneven effects on wages, employment, and access to entry-level roles. These outcomes depend not only on technical capabilities, but also on human agency, institutional choices, and how…
AI’s Impact on Productivity and Market Dynamics
Autores:
Área financiera y digitalización
Artificial intelligence promises major efficiency gains but may also reinforce industrial concentration, labor market polarization, and stock market overvaluation. The current AI-driven market boom raises questions about the growing disconnect between technological expectations and real-economy fundamentals.
Economic profits and investment dynamics in Spanish non-financial corporations
Autores:
Salas Fumás, Vicente
Spanish NFCs earned modest economic profits averaging 3% of output between 2000 and 2024, fluctuating from 4–5% before the 2008 crisis to near zero after the pandemic. Investment closely followed the gap between these profits and the user cost of capital, while the sector shifted…
The drivers of business profitability in Spain: Size, sector and regional dynamics
Autores:
Maudos, Joaquín
Spanish business profitability has recovered to pre-crisis levels in line with the economic cycle, but remains deeply uneven across firms, sectors, and regions. Differences in productivity, firm size, and exposure to competition are some of the factors that explain the disparities in profitability levels.