Articles

Este trabajo presenta tres ejemplos de modelo basado en agentes inteligentes para prever el resultado de distintas políticas de sostenibilidad en una universidad o en una ciudad.

Spanish banks’ insurance business, particularly in life insurance, have been a crucial source of earnings, directly contributing nearly 14% of their domestic profits in 2023. This contribution remains essential for banks’ profitability, with further growth expected from premium adjustments and rising non-life insurance activity.

The construction sector in Spain has shown resilience but continues to grapple with low productivity and labour shortages. Addressing these challenges is critical for maintaining profitability and meeting housing demand.

Digitalisation and artificial intelligence (AI) are redefining the relationship between customers and their banks by enhancing personalization, security, and efficiency; but not without risks. Striking a balance between innovation and trust, highlighting the role of transparency, ethical data management and human interaction, will be keys to its successful integration.

As interest rates decline, Spanish banks face narrowing unit margins, prompting a strategic focus on managing retail deposit funding costs to preserve profitability. Banks with stronger control over deposit costs, particularly in smaller municipalities, are better positioned to stabilize savings flows because of their customers’ profile and the provision of tailored advice.